{
  "attribution": "Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change, 2025 report data: indicator 1.1.1 by A. J. Pershing and J. Giguere (attributable heatwave days) and by F. Tartarini and O. Jay (vulnerable populations); indicator 1.1.3 by C. Freyberg, B. Lemke and M. Otto; indicator 1.1.5 by J. Ballester, X. Basagaña and J. Ruiz-Cabrejos. Romanello et al., The Lancet, 2025, doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01919-1. CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.",
  "description": "Heatwave days that people were exposed to on average each year, 2020–2024, as observed, as expected in a modelled climate without human-caused warming, and the difference attributable to climate change, from the Lancet Countdown (indicator 1.1.1).",
  "dimensions": [
    {
      "id": "scenario",
      "label": "Scenario",
      "values": [
        {"id": "observed", "label": "Observed"},
        {"id": "counterfactual", "label": "Expected without human-caused climate change"},
        {"id": "attributable", "label": "Attributable to climate change"}
      ]
    }
  ],
  "display": {
    "decimals": 1
  },
  "geo_coverage": "global-only",
  "headline_entity": "WLD",
  "id": "heat.lancet-2025.heatwave-days-global",
  "kind": "series",
  "latest": {
    "age_bp": null,
    "dims": {
      "scenario": "observed"
    },
    "entity": "WLD",
    "period": "2024",
    "status": "final",
    "value": 30.7905888162652
  },
  "licence": {
    "name": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0",
    "spdx": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0",
    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"
  },
  "licence_class": "noncommercial",
  "notes": [],
  "notice": "Licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/): non-commercial use only, and anything built from these figures must be shared under the same licence. These indicators are computed from ERA5 and contain modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information 2025; neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains.",
  "origins": [
    {"acquisition": "automatic", "artifact_id": "heatwave-days-attributable-1-1-1", "bytes": 205138, "citation_full": "Romanello M, Walawender M, Hsu S-C, et al. The 2025 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change. Lancet 2025; published online Oct 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01919-1.", "date_accessed": "2026-10-04", "date_published": "2025-10-29", "doi": "10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01919-1", "etag": "\"32152-6425ae06a502f\"", "last_modified": "Thu, 30 Oct 2025 07:05:39 GMT", "licence": {"name": "CC BY-NC-SA 4.0", "spdx": "CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0", "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"}, "producer": "Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change (led by University College London)", "r2_url": "https://files.environmentdashboard.org/raw/53a22362f5b35c8cf91aa9d6c9f8ce0e7c97ce36f198f0b793ad70437989f632.zst", "sha256": "53a22362f5b35c8cf91aa9d6c9f8ce0e7c97ce36f198f0b793ad70437989f632", "source_id": "lancet-countdown-2025", "title": "Lancet Countdown 2025: heat-related deaths, work hours lost to heat and heatwave exposure", "url_download": "https://lancetcountdown.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/Indicator-1.1.1_Attributable_Data-Download_2025-Lancet-Countdown-Report-1.xlsx", "url_main": "https://lancetcountdown.org/explore-our-data/", "version_producer": "2025 report", "wayback_url": null}
  ],
  "processing": [
    {
      "description": "Read the sheet '2025_Report _Data_Global' of the indicator 1.1.1 (attributable heatwave days) workbook of the Lancet Countdown 2025 report, 2020–2024: heatwave days observed, expected without climate change (Counterfactual) and attributable to climate change (Attributable_to_CC), published as in the workbook.",
      "inputs": ["53a22362f5b35c8cf91aa9d6c9f8ce0e7c97ce36f198f0b793ad70437989f632"],
      "lock_sha256": "7e110986c30381965c2e6096466c401cbf72bd1b7a828369f6f6c14c909dcbda",
      "script": "pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/impacts/lancet_countdown.py",
      "transform_sha256": "fd77ef680e8092050c0cd18a7df087fce266b78940d637009930508e0de3e676"
    },
    {
      "description": "Checked that observed days equal expected days plus attributable days in every year.",
      "inputs": ["53a22362f5b35c8cf91aa9d6c9f8ce0e7c97ce36f198f0b793ad70437989f632"],
      "lock_sha256": "7e110986c30381965c2e6096466c401cbf72bd1b7a828369f6f6c14c909dcbda",
      "script": "pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/impacts/lancet_countdown.py",
      "transform_sha256": "fd77ef680e8092050c0cd18a7df087fce266b78940d637009930508e0de3e676"
    }
  ],
  "published_value": null,
  "schema_version": 1,
  "scope": {
    "baseline": null,
    "basis": "A heatwave is at least two consecutive days when both minimum and maximum temperature exceed the local 1986–2005 95th percentile. Observed days from ERA5; days expected without human-caused warming from 24 paired CMIP6 climate model simulations.",
    "bunkers": null,
    "geography": "World",
    "gwp": null,
    "lulucf": null
  },
  "superseded_by": null,
  "table": {
    "dims": {
      "scenario": ["observed", "observed", "observed", "observed", "observed", "counterfactual", "counterfactual", "counterfactual", "counterfactual", "counterfactual", "attributable", "attributable", "attributable", "attributable", "attributable"]
    },
    "entity": ["WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD", "WLD"],
    "period": ["2020", "2021", "2022", "2023", "2024", "2020", "2021", "2022", "2023", "2024", "2020", "2021", "2022", "2023", "2024"],
    "status": ["final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final", "final"],
    "value": [16.1167785054611, 14.9063813308231, 12.2944670187265, 22.5371157361687, 30.7905888162652, 1.88737880318116, 2.31657062074337, 2.31248065606442, 3.7798730909066, 5.03930085697919, 14.2293997022799, 12.5898107100797, 9.98198636266211, 18.7572426452621, 25.751287959286]
  },
  "time_basis": "calendar",
  "title": "Heatwave days per person, observed and attributable to climate change, world",
  "unit": {
    "code": "days",
    "label": "days per person",
    "short": "days"
  },
  "vintage": "2025 report"
}