Data
Fossil carbon dioxide emissions by country
Carbon dioxide released each year since 1750 by burning coal, oil and gas, making cement, flaring gas and other industrial uses of carbonates, in each country where it was emitted. International aviation and shipping are shown on their own and counted in the world total.
Latest value
38,598.6Mt CO₂/yr
Countries and territories, international aviation, international shipping, three historical entities and the world, 2024. Version 2025v15.
Fossil carbon dioxide emissions by country (million tonnes of carbon dioxide per year)
Show as a table
| Period | Value (Mt CO₂/yr) | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1750 | 9.3 | final |
| 1751 | 9.4 | final |
| 1752 | 9.5 | final |
| 1753 | 9.6 | final |
| 1754 | 9.7 | final |
| 1755 | 9.8 | final |
| 1756 | 9.9 | final |
| 1757 | 10.1 | final |
| 1758 | 10.2 | final |
| 1759 | 10.3 | final |
| 1760 | 10.5 | final |
| 1761 | 10.7 | final |
| 1762 | 11.0 | final |
| 1763 | 11.2 | final |
| 1764 | 11.4 | final |
| 1765 | 11.6 | final |
| 1766 | 11.9 | final |
| 1767 | 12.2 | final |
| 1768 | 12.5 | final |
| 1769 | 12.8 | final |
| 1770 | 13.1 | final |
| 1771 | 13.4 | final |
| 1772 | 13.6 | final |
| 1773 | 13.8 | final |
| 1774 | 14.0 | final |
| 1775 | 14.3 | final |
| 1776 | 14.7 | final |
| 1777 | 15.0 | final |
| 1778 | 15.2 | final |
| 1779 | 15.5 | final |
| 1780 | 15.9 | final |
| 1781 | 16.2 | final |
| 1782 | 16.6 | final |
| 1783 | 17.1 | final |
| 1784 | 17.5 | final |
| 1785 | 18.0 | final |
| 1786 | 18.4 | final |
| 1787 | 18.9 | final |
| 1788 | 19.3 | final |
| 1789 | 19.9 | final |
| 1790 | 20.4 | final |
| 1791 | 20.9 | final |
| 1792 | 21.9 | final |
| 1793 | 22.3 | final |
| 1794 | 22.5 | final |
| 1795 | 22.3 | final |
| 1796 | 22.1 | final |
| 1797 | 22.1 | final |
| 1798 | 23.1 | final |
| 1799 | 27.5 | final |
| 1800 | 32.8 | final |
| 1801 | 32.0 | final |
| 1802 | 40.3 | final |
| 1803 | 29.5 | final |
| 1804 | 31.8 | final |
| 1805 | 31.3 | final |
| 1806 | 32.7 | final |
| 1807 | 36.2 | final |
| 1808 | 35.5 | final |
| 1809 | 36.3 | final |
| 1810 | 39.5 | final |
| 1811 | 40.2 | final |
| 1812 | 40.8 | final |
| 1813 | 41.2 | final |
| 1814 | 42.2 | final |
| 1815 | 43.6 | final |
| 1816 | 45.5 | final |
| 1817 | 49.3 | final |
| 1818 | 51.4 | final |
| 1819 | 50.9 | final |
| 1820 | 50.7 | final |
| 1821 | 52.1 | final |
| 1822 | 54.0 | final |
| 1823 | 56.4 | final |
| 1824 | 57.6 | final |
| 1825 | 60.7 | final |
| 1826 | 61.4 | final |
| 1827 | 65.7 | final |
| 1828 | 66.7 | final |
| 1829 | 66.3 | final |
| 1830 | 89.0 | final |
| 1831 | 83.3 | final |
| 1832 | 82.1 | final |
| 1833 | 83.2 | final |
| 1834 | 88.8 | final |
| 1835 | 97.4 | final |
| 1836 | 106.9 | final |
| 1837 | 106.2 | final |
| 1838 | 105.8 | final |
| 1839 | 109.7 | final |
| 1840 | 118.8 | final |
| 1841 | 122.2 | final |
| 1842 | 129.4 | final |
| 1843 | 132.4 | final |
| 1844 | 142.0 | final |
| 1845 | 155.1 | final |
| 1846 | 157.7 | final |
| 1847 | 170.8 | final |
| 1848 | 173.6 | final |
| 1849 | 185.0 | final |
| 1850 | 196.8 | final |
| 1851 | 198.8 | final |
| 1852 | 207.6 | final |
| 1853 | 217.2 | final |
| 1854 | 255.0 | final |
| 1855 | 260.3 | final |
| 1856 | 278.2 | final |
| 1857 | 281.2 | final |
| 1858 | 285.5 | final |
| 1859 | 302.6 | final |
| 1860 | 332.3 | final |
| 1861 | 349.2 | final |
| 1862 | 356.0 | final |
| 1863 | 379.5 | final |
| 1864 | 409.5 | final |
| 1865 | 434.9 | final |
| 1866 | 449.1 | final |
| 1867 | 480.8 | final |
| 1868 | 494.5 | final |
| 1869 | 524.7 | final |
| 1870 | 536.1 | final |
| 1871 | 569.8 | final |
| 1872 | 631.0 | final |
| 1873 | 670.5 | final |
| 1874 | 628.7 | final |
| 1875 | 681.0 | final |
| 1876 | 690.6 | final |
| 1877 | 704.0 | final |
| 1878 | 709.6 | final |
| 1879 | 759.8 | final |
| 1880 | 858.2 | final |
| 1881 | 888.2 | final |
| 1882 | 938.2 | final |
| 1883 | 997.9 | final |
| 1884 | 1,009.8 | final |
| 1885 | 1,017.5 | final |
| 1886 | 1,033.0 | final |
| 1887 | 1,084.3 | final |
| 1888 | 1,201.3 | final |
| 1889 | 1,202.1 | final |
| 1890 | 1,307.3 | final |
| 1891 | 1,369.6 | final |
| 1892 | 1,380.5 | final |
| 1893 | 1,363.2 | final |
| 1894 | 1,412.2 | final |
| 1895 | 1,496.0 | final |
| 1896 | 1,545.5 | final |
| 1897 | 1,618.4 | final |
| 1898 | 1,707.0 | final |
| 1899 | 1,864.4 | final |
| 1900 | 1,962.9 | final |
| 1901 | 2,025.6 | final |
| 1902 | 2,077.0 | final |
| 1903 | 2,264.6 | final |
| 1904 | 2,290.3 | final |
| 1905 | 2,440.6 | final |
| 1906 | 2,549.0 | final |
| 1907 | 2,904.9 | final |
| 1908 | 2,790.4 | final |
| 1909 | 2,907.1 | final |
| 1910 | 3,050.3 | final |
| 1911 | 3,097.2 | final |
| 1912 | 3,253.9 | final |
| 1913 | 3,524.8 | final |
| 1914 | 3,197.7 | final |
| 1915 | 3,148.0 | final |
| 1916 | 3,400.2 | final |
| 1917 | 3,556.5 | final |
| 1918 | 3,506.1 | final |
| 1919 | 3,041.1 | final |
| 1920 | 3,546.8 | final |
| 1921 | 3,115.0 | final |
| 1922 | 3,264.7 | final |
| 1923 | 3,703.0 | final |
| 1924 | 3,716.1 | final |
| 1925 | 3,740.6 | final |
| 1926 | 3,677.4 | final |
| 1927 | 4,012.9 | final |
| 1928 | 3,996.3 | final |
| 1929 | 4,288.2 | final |
| 1930 | 3,958.1 | final |
| 1931 | 3,539.3 | final |
| 1932 | 3,192.6 | final |
| 1933 | 3,362.7 | final |
| 1934 | 3,656.2 | final |
| 1935 | 3,835.7 | final |
| 1936 | 4,207.9 | final |
| 1937 | 4,496.7 | final |
| 1938 | 4,229.6 | final |
| 1939 | 4,470.1 | final |
| 1940 | 4,884.7 | final |
| 1941 | 4,999.1 | final |
| 1942 | 4,982.5 | final |
| 1943 | 5,075.3 | final |
| 1944 | 5,162.5 | final |
| 1945 | 4,289.3 | final |
| 1946 | 4,608.5 | final |
| 1947 | 5,165.2 | final |
| 1948 | 5,447.9 | final |
| 1949 | 5,204.0 | final |
| 1950 | 5,930.4 | final |
| 1951 | 6,381.7 | final |
| 1952 | 6,467.7 | final |
| 1953 | 6,651.0 | final |
| 1954 | 6,789.7 | final |
| 1955 | 7,444.1 | final |
| 1956 | 7,926.3 | final |
| 1957 | 8,186.0 | final |
| 1958 | 8,417.5 | final |
| 1959 | 8,855.1 | final |
| 1960 | 9,387.0 | final |
| 1961 | 9,415.0 | final |
| 1962 | 9,747.2 | final |
| 1963 | 10,266.8 | final |
| 1964 | 10,824.5 | final |
| 1965 | 11,310.6 | final |
| 1966 | 11,862.6 | final |
| 1967 | 12,237.4 | final |
| 1968 | 12,905.3 | final |
| 1969 | 13,761.8 | final |
| 1970 | 14,899.1 | final |
| 1971 | 15,503.9 | final |
| 1972 | 16,224.6 | final |
| 1973 | 17,077.3 | final |
| 1974 | 16,997.9 | final |
| 1975 | 16,988.5 | final |
| 1976 | 17,862.5 | final |
| 1977 | 18,358.0 | final |
| 1978 | 19,024.7 | final |
| 1979 | 19,508.6 | final |
| 1980 | 19,409.8 | final |
| 1981 | 18,879.8 | final |
| 1982 | 18,729.7 | final |
| 1983 | 18,901.8 | final |
| 1984 | 19,457.2 | final |
| 1985 | 20,144.9 | final |
| 1986 | 20,438.0 | final |
| 1987 | 21,106.2 | final |
| 1988 | 21,918.8 | final |
| 1989 | 22,200.2 | final |
| 1990 | 22,732.1 | final |
| 1991 | 23,205.6 | final |
| 1992 | 22,520.4 | final |
| 1993 | 22,749.9 | final |
| 1994 | 22,974.6 | final |
| 1995 | 23,516.6 | final |
| 1996 | 24,233.5 | final |
| 1997 | 24,380.3 | final |
| 1998 | 24,295.7 | final |
| 1999 | 24,837.8 | final |
| 2000 | 25,511.5 | final |
| 2001 | 25,693.0 | final |
| 2002 | 26,265.3 | final |
| 2003 | 27,652.7 | final |
| 2004 | 28,610.0 | final |
| 2005 | 29,599.0 | final |
| 2006 | 30,594.2 | final |
| 2007 | 31,499.3 | final |
| 2008 | 32,049.7 | final |
| 2009 | 31,513.0 | final |
| 2010 | 33,317.7 | final |
| 2011 | 34,480.0 | final |
| 2012 | 34,954.7 | final |
| 2013 | 35,275.8 | final |
| 2014 | 35,465.7 | final |
| 2015 | 35,403.5 | final |
| 2016 | 35,392.8 | final |
| 2017 | 35,974.6 | final |
| 2018 | 36,734.0 | final |
| 2019 | 37,086.6 | final |
| 2020 | 35,158.2 | final |
| 2021 | 36,866.9 | final |
| 2022 | 37,527.8 | final |
| 2023 | 38,094.0 | final |
| 2024 | 38,598.6 | final |
Where it comes from
- Producer
- Global Carbon Project (Robbie M. Andrew and Glen P. Peters, CICERO) · The Global Carbon Project's fossil CO2 emissions dataset, 2025 release
- Version
- 2025v15
- Fetched
- 2026-10-04 (automatically), 3,147,221 bytes
- Fingerprint
- sha256 20650c19b394d91b6b31cddff2fbc9508bcdbbed7c3f93660336f2f655f367ff
- Copies
- No Wayback copy recorded yet.Our copy of the exact file
- Cite the producer
- Andrew, R. M. and Peters, G. P.: The Global Carbon Project’s fossil CO2 emissions dataset (2025v15), https://zenodo.org/records/17417124, 2025.
- Producer
- Global Carbon Project (Robbie M. Andrew and Glen P. Peters, CICERO) · The Global Carbon Project's fossil CO2 emissions dataset, 2025 release
- Version
- 2025v15
- Fetched
- 2026-10-04 (automatically), 3,784 bytes
- Fingerprint
- sha256 b41c76163ac6258fee7203c417a0def6b2e7300dc59943de654b913e824f3cd4
- Copies
- No Wayback copy recorded yet.Our copy of the exact file
- Cite the producer
- Andrew, R. M. and Peters, G. P.: The Global Carbon Project’s fossil CO2 emissions dataset (2025v15), https://zenodo.org/records/17417124, 2025.
What was done to it
Read GCB2025v15_MtCO2_flat.csv (version 2025v15): 222 entities (countries, territories, international aviation, international shipping, three historical entities and the world), each 1750–2024, in million tonnes of carbon dioxide. The metadata file's titles, units and version were checked against the columns. Producer codes were mapped to entity codes through an explicit alias table (KSV Kosovo, XIA international aviation, XIS international shipping; the Kuwaiti oil fires, the Pacific Islands (Palau) and the Ryukyu Islands by name).
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/emissions/gcp_fossil_national.py · code sha256 9cbf1047ea48dc4b… · inputs 20650c19b394… b41c76163ac6…
Checked that the file's Global row equals the sum of all other rows (countries, international aviation and shipping, historical entities) in every year (largest difference 0.000008 Mt).
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/emissions/gcp_fossil_national.py · code sha256 9cbf1047ea48dc4b… · inputs 20650c19b394… b41c76163ac6…
Published the Total column as stated.
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/emissions/gcp_fossil_national.py · code sha256 9cbf1047ea48dc4b… · inputs 20650c19b394… b41c76163ac6…
Cells left empty in the file are not published and are never read as zero.
Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/emissions/gcp_fossil_national.py · code sha256 9cbf1047ea48dc4b… · inputs 20650c19b394… b41c76163ac6…
What it covers
- Geography
- Countries and territories, international aviation, international shipping, three historical entities and the world
- Land use, land-use change and forestry
- excluded
- Basis
- Carbon dioxide only, from fossil fuels, cement production (process emissions), gas flaring and other carbonates, before the cement carbonation sink is subtracted (gross). National values exclude international aviation and shipping, which are separate entities; the world value includes them. Territorial (production-based) accounting.
- Unit
- million tonnes of carbon dioxide per year (Mt CO₂/yr)