Sources
Who measured it, and on what terms
Every source we use or have registered, with the licence its producer sets (quoted from their own terms), how we fetch it, and whether it is at risk of being discontinued.
- Carbon BriefMapped: How climate change affects extreme weather around the worldShown as published only2 published numbers
- Climate Action Tracker (Climate Analytics and NewClimate Institute)Climate Action Tracker: the CAT Thermometer, November 2025 (COP30 global update)Shown as published only1 published number
- CNES / AVISO+ (produced with CLS and LEGOS)AVISO reference global mean sea level from satellite altimetryFree to reuse with credit2 published numbers
- Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), implemented by ECMWF for the European CommissionC3S Climate Bulletin global surface air temperature (ERA5)Free to reuse with credit1 published number
- Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), implemented by ECMWF for the European CommissionC3S Climate Pulse daily global temperatures (ERA5)Free to reuse with credit2 published numbers
- CSIRO (with the Australian Antarctic Division and ANSTO)Law Dome ice core 2000-year CO2, CH4, N2O and delta-13C-CO2Free to reuse with creditarchived1 published number
- Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (UK Government)Greenhouse gas reporting: conversion factors 2026Free to reuse with credit1 published number
- Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra); data produced by the University of LeedsUK and England's carbon footprint to 2023Free to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- EmberMonthly electricity dataFree to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- EmberYearly electricity dataFree to reuse with credit5 published numbers
- Energy InstituteStatistical Review of World Energy 2026Shown only, not redistributedDownloaded by handRegistered, not yet published
- EUMETSAT Ocean and Sea Ice SAF (OSI SAF), produced by the Norwegian Meteorological InstituteEUMETSAT OSI SAF Sea-Ice Index v3.0 (OSI-420-a)Free to reuse with credit1 published number
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Copernicus Emergency Management ServiceEuropean Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS) burnt-area estimatesFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Global Wildfire Information System (GWIS)GWIS Country Profile: yearly burned area by land cover (MODIS MCD64A1)Free to reuse with credit1 published number
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), with the International Energy Agency (IEA) for fossil CO2EDGAR 2026: greenhouse gas emissions of all world countriesShown as published only4 published numbers
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Forestry DivisionGlobal Forest Resources Assessment 2025Free to reuse with credit2 published numbers
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Statistics DivisionFAOSTAT agrifood emissions, livestock emissions, emissions intensities, land use and food lossFree to reuse with credit11 published numbers
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Statistics DivisionFAOSTAT greenhouse gas emissions from all sectors (with PRIMAP-hist v2.7)Non-commercial reuse with credit6 published numbers
- Global Carbon ProjectGlobal Carbon Budget 2025: global sources and sinks of carbon dioxideFree to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- Global Carbon ProjectGlobal Carbon Budget 2025: national fossil and land-use change carbon dioxide emissionsFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- Global Carbon Project (Robbie M. Andrew and Glen P. Peters, CICERO)The Global Carbon Project's fossil CO2 emissions dataset, 2025 releaseFree to reuse with credit5 published numbers
- Global Carbon Project; published by Copernicus Publications in Earth System Science DataGlobal Carbon Budget 2025 (Friedlingstein et al. 2026, Earth System Science Data)Free to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- Global Energy MonitorGlobal Coal Plant TrackerFree to reuse with creditDownloaded by handRegistered, not yet published
- Hawaii Ocean Time-series, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at MānoaHawaii Ocean Time-series surface CO2 system data, Station ALOHAFree to reuse with credit2 published numbers
- IMBIE Team (led from Northumbria University); archived by the NERC EDS UK Polar Data CentreMass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from the 1970s to 2023 (IMBIE 2026)Free to reuse with creditarchived4 published numbers
- Indicators of Global Climate Change (IGCC) consortium, led by the University of LeedsIndicators of Global Climate Change 2025Free to reuse with credit4 published numbers
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Working Group IClimate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Summary for PolicymakersShown only, not redistributedarchived1 published number
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Working Group IIIClimate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Summary for PolicymakersShown only, not redistributed1 published number
- Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC), Norwegian Refugee CouncilGlobal Internal Displacement Database (GIDD)Non-commercial reuse with creditDownloaded by handRegistered, not yet published
- International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT)Life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions from passenger cars in the European Union (ICCT 2025)Reuse with credit, same licence2 published numbers
- International Energy AgencyGlobal EV Outlook 2026 and Global EV Data ExplorerFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)Renewable capacity statistics 2026Free to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)Renewable power generation costs in 2025Free to reuse with credit1 published number
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), published through GBIFIUCN Red List of Threatened Species, version 2026-1 (GBIF checklist)Free to reuse with credit2 published numbers
- IPCC AR6 Working Group I Chapter 9 authors (Garner, Kopp et al.), on ZenodoIPCC AR6 Sea Level ProjectionsFree to reuse with creditarchivedDownloaded by handRegistered, not yet published
- IPCC Working Group I Technical Support Unit; archived by the NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data AnalysisIPCC AR6 WGI Figure SPM.1 dataFree to reuse with creditarchivedRegistered, not yet published
- Ivanova, Barrett, Wiedenhofer, Macura, Callaghan and Creutzig (University of Leeds, BOKU Vienna, Stockholm Environment Institute, MCC Berlin); published in Environmental Research Letters (IOP Publishing)Mitigation potential of household consumption options (Ivanova et al. 2020)Free to reuse with creditarchivedDownloaded by hand1 published number
- Jones et al. (University of East Anglia, CICERO and others)National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxideNon-commercial reuse with credit1 published number
- Joseph Poore (University of Oxford) and Thomas Nemecek (Agroscope); published in Science; series processed by Our World in DataEnvironmental footprints of food products (Poore & Nemecek 2018)Shown only, not redistributedarchived2 published numbers
- Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change (led by University College London)Lancet Countdown 2025: heat-related deaths, work hours lost to heat and heatwave exposureNon-commercial reuse with credit3 published numbers
- Met Office Hadley CentreHadSST.4 sea-surface temperature anomaliesFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- Met Office Hadley Centre and University of East Anglia Climatic Research UnitHadCRUT5 near-surface temperature anomaliesFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space StudiesGISS Surface Temperature Analysis, version 4 (GISTEMP v4)Free to reuse with creditAt risk1 published number
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center (PO.DAAC)NASA-SSH global mean sea level from simple gridded sea surface heightFree to reuse with creditRegistered, not yet published
- Natural Earth (NACIS volunteers; Tom Patterson and Nathaniel Vaughn Kelso, primary authors)Natural Earth admin-0 countries and tiny countries (1:50m)Free to reuse with creditRegistered, not yet published
- Naturvårdsverket (Swedish Environmental Protection Agency); official statistics from Statistics Sweden (SCB)Konsumtionsbaserade växthusgasutsläpp per person och år (consumption-based greenhouse gas emissions per person)Free to reuse with credit2 published numbers
- NOAA Global Monitoring LaboratoryNOAA Annual Greenhouse Gas IndexFree to reuse with creditAt riskRegistered, not yet published
- NOAA Global Monitoring LaboratoryTrends in atmospheric carbon dioxideFree to reuse with creditAt risk2 published numbers
- NOAA Global Monitoring LaboratoryTrends in globally-averaged methane, nitrous oxide and sulphur hexafluorideFree to reuse with creditAt risk2 published numbers
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental InformationNOAA Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST), version 2.1Free to reuse with creditRegistered, not yet published
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental InformationNOAA Global Surface Temperature (NOAAGlobalTemp), version 6.1Free to reuse with credit1 published number
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (data by the Rutgers University Global Snow Lab)Northern Hemisphere snow cover extent climate data recordFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)Global ocean heat content basin time seriesFree to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- NOAA NCEI World Data Service for Paleoclimatology (data by Bereiter et al., University of Bern and partners)Antarctic ice cores revised 800,000-year CO2 compositeFree to reuse with creditarchived2 published numbers
- NOAA NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research, Coral Reef WatchNOAA Coral Reef Watch coral bleaching heat stress and global bleaching statusFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- NOAA@NSIDC, National Snow and Ice Data Center (CIRES, University of Colorado Boulder)Sea Ice Index, Version 4 (G02135)Free to reuse with creditAt risk2 published numbers
- OurAirports (David Megginson and contributors)OurAirports open data (airports)Free to reuse with creditRegistered, not yet published
- Peter Andre, Teodora Boneva, Felix Chopra and Armin Falk (SAFE and Goethe University Frankfurt, University of Bonn, University of Copenhagen); published in Nature Climate ChangeActual and perceived support for climate action (Andre et al. 2024)Free to reuse with creditarchived1 published number
- Project DrawdownDrawdown Explorer solution assessmentsFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego (Scripps CO2 Program)Scripps CO2 Program atmospheric CO2 and carbon-13 records at Mauna LoaFree to reuse with creditRegistered, not yet published
- Seth Wynes and Kimberly A. Nicholas (Lund University, University of British Columbia); published in Environmental Research Letters (IOP Publishing)The climate mitigation gap (Wynes & Nicholas 2017), with comments and repliesFree to reuse with creditarchivedDownloaded by handRegistered, not yet published
- Stechemesser, Koch, Mark, Dilger, Klösel, Menicacci, Nachtigall, Pretis, Ritter, Schwarz, Vossen and Wenzel (PIK, MCC Berlin, OECD and others); article in Science, data and code on ZenodoClimate policies that achieved major emission reductions (Stechemesser et al. 2024), replication dataFree to reuse with creditarchived1 published number
- Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI)Emissions Inequality DashboardFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- Systems Change Lab (World Resources Institute and Bezos Earth Fund)Systems Change Lab: indicators of progress on the shifts needed for 1.5 °CFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- U.S. Energy Information AdministrationInternational energy dataFree to reuse with creditAt risk3 published numbers
- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)Emissions Gap Report 2025: Off targetShown only, not redistributedDownloaded by handRegistered, not yet published
- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), with WRAPFood Waste Index Report 2024Non-commercial reuse with creditDownloaded by handRegistered, not yet published
- United Nations Statistics DivisionEnergy Statistics DatabaseNon-commercial reuse with creditRegistered, not yet published
- United Nations Statistics DivisionStandard country or area codes for statistical use (M49)Shown only, not redistributedRegistered, not yet published
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population DivisionWorld Population Prospects 2024Free to reuse with creditRegistered, not yet published
- University of Maryland GLAD lab with Google, USGS and NASA; tabulated and served by World Resources InstituteTree cover loss, Global Forest Change v1.13 (via Global Nature Watch)Free to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- University of Oxford (Scarborough, Clark, Springmann et al.), published in Nature FoodEnvironmental impacts of UK diet groups (Scarborough et al. 2023)Free to reuse with creditarchived1 published number
- World BankState and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2026Free to reuse with credit2 published numbers
- World BankWorld Development IndicatorsFree to reuse with credit1 published number
- World Bank GroupClimate Change Knowledge Portal country climate dataFree to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- World Glacier Monitoring Service (WGMS), University of ZurichAnnual mass-change estimates for the world's glaciers (version 2026-02-10)Free to reuse with credit3 published numbers
- World Resources Institute (Climate Watch)Climate Watch NDC Tracker (2025 NDCs)Non-commercial reuse with credit2 published numbers
- Zoological Society of London (Indicators & Assessments Unit) and WWF InternationalLiving Planet IndexReuse with credit, same licenceDownloaded by handRegistered, not yet published