NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies

GISS Surface Temperature Analysis, version 4 (GISTEMP v4)

Monthly, seasonal and annual global, hemispheric and zonal land-ocean temperature anomalies from 1880, combining NOAA GHCN v4 weather-station data with NOAA ERSST v5 sea-surface temperatures. Anomalies are in degrees Celsius relative to the 1951–1980 mean. GISS publishes no observed series relative to 1850–1900; its FAQ describes a conversion through 1880–1899 plus about 0.038 °C borrowed from other datasets, so the site uses GISTEMP's own late-19th-century mean, labelled with its years. Earlier months are revised slightly each month as late reports arrive.

Free to reuse with creditAt riskUS federal programmeFetched automatically

Numbers published from it

Global surface temperature above 1880–1899 (GISTEMP v4)

Licence and credit

Licence: Public domain (work of the US federal government)
What the terms say: “Per those guidelines, graphics you may create using the website tools here do not require permission for you to use elsewhere, but acknowledgment of their source should be given.”
From the producer's terms, checked 2026-10-04; re-checked automatically every week.
Credit we give: NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies, GISTEMP v4 (GISTEMP Team), accessed {date_accessed}.
Copy of the raw file: Allowed: we keep a public copy of every version we use.
Cite as: GISTEMP Team, 2026: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP), version 4. NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Dataset accessed {date_accessed} at https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/. Lenssen, N., G.A. Schmidt, M. Hendrickson, P. Jacobs, M. Menne, and R. Ruedy, 2024: A GISTEMPv4 observational uncertainty ensemble. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 129, no. 17, e2023JD040179, doi:10.1029/2023JD040179.

Files

Global land-ocean temperature index: monthly, seasonal and annual (J-D) anomalies from January 1880, °C relative to 1951–1980. Two header lines; "***" marks months not yet reported.
https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata_v4/GLB.Ts+dSST.csv
Annual anomalies for the globe, both hemispheres and eight latitude bands (including 64N–90N) from 1880, °C relative to 1951–1980. Complete years only.
https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata_v4/ZonAnn.Ts+dSST.csv

Status

Programme: Still publishing monthly (August 2026 data posted 8–11 September 2026). NASA cancelled the lease on GISS's New York building from 31 May 2025 and staff work remotely. The inputs are NOAA GHCN v4 and ERSST v5, so cuts at NOAA NCEI would also stop GISTEMP. GISTEMP still uses ERSST v5 while NOAAGlobalTemp 6.1 moved to ERSST v6.
Updates: Monthly, around the 10th, on the same day as NOAA NCEI's global analysis
Next release: 2026-10-09: September 2026 analysis. The GISS schedule reads "September Release: Fri, 9 Oct 2026, 11:00 AM EDT".
Last check: Unchanged since the last fetch (2026-10-05T11:03:17Z)
Independent sources measuring the same thing: HadCRUT5 near-surface temperature anomalies NOAA Global Surface Temperature (NOAAGlobalTemp), version 6.1 C3S Climate Bulletin global surface air temperature (ERA5)