Jones et al. (University of East Anglia, CICERO and others)
National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide
The change in global mean surface temperature caused by each country's emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide from fossil fuels and from land use, from 1851 to 2024 (reference year 1850). The files also give the annual emissions it is computed from (from 1830) and cumulative CO2-equivalent emissions (GWP*), for countries and for groups such as Annex I, the OECD, the EU27 and the least developed countries. Warming uses the IPCC AR6 best-estimate transient climate response to cumulative emissions. Aerosols and fluorinated gases are not included, so the total warming here is larger than the observed human-induced warming.
Numbers published from it
Licence and credit
- Licence
- CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (inherited from PRIMAP-hist v2.7; the Zenodo deposit itself is labelled CC BY 4.0)
- What the terms say
“Since v2.7 PRIMAP-hist is published under a non-commercial license (CC BY-NC-SA). This means that commercial users can not use it freely and have to obtain a commercial license.”
From the producer's terms, checked 2026-10-04; re-checked automatically every week.
- Credit we give
- Jones et al. (2025), National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, version 2025.1, doi:10.5281/zenodo.16640595; method in Jones et al. (2023), Scientific Data 10, 155, doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02041-1.
- Notice
- Methane and nitrous oxide emissions come from PRIMAP-hist v2.7 (Gütschow, Busch and Pflüger, 2025, doi:10.5281/zenodo.17090760), licensed CC BY-NC-SA 4.0. Values derived from this dataset are shared under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0, for non-commercial use only.
- Copy of the raw file
- Allowed: we keep a public copy of every version we use.
- Cite as
- Jones, M. W., Peters, G. P., Gasser, T., Andrew, R. M., Schwingshackl, C., Gütschow, J., Houghton, R. A., Friedlingstein, P., Pongratz, J., & Le Quéré, C. (2025). National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide [Dataset]. In Scientific Data (Version 2025.1, Vol. 10, Issue 155). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16640595
Files
Warming (degrees Celsius) attributable to each country and group, by gas (CO2, CH4, N2O, 3-GHG) and component (fossil, LULUCF, total), 1851-2024, reference year 1850. 29,113,799 bytes.
https://zenodo.org/api/records/16640595/files/GMST_response_1851-2024.csv/contentCumulative CO2-equivalent emissions since 1850 (Pg CO2-e100, GWP*), by country, gas and component, 1851-2024. 33,870,799 bytes.
https://zenodo.org/api/records/16640595/files/EMISSIONS_CUMULATIVE_CO2e100_1851-2024.csv/contentAnnual emissions of CO2 (Pg per year), CH4 and N2O (Tg per year) by country and component, 1830-2024. 26,570,313 bytes.
https://zenodo.org/api/records/16640595/files/EMISSIONS_ANNUAL_1830-2024.csv/contentThe countries in each group (Annex I, Annex II, EIT, LDC, LMDC, OECD, EU27, BASIC). 18,604 bytes.
https://zenodo.org/api/records/16640595/files/COUNTRY_GROUPINGS.xlsx/content
Status
- Programme
- Version 2025.1 (13 November 2025) is the latest under concept DOI 10.5281/zenodo.7076346 on 4 October 2026. From this version on, the methane and nitrous oxide inputs come from PRIMAP-hist v2.7 or later, which are CC BY-NC-SA. A new version usually appears alongside the Global Carbon Budget (GCB 2026 is expected during COP31, 9-20 November 2026). Not a US federal product.
- Updates
- Annual, alongside the Global Carbon Budget in November
- Last check
- Unchanged since the last fetch (2026-10-05T11:04:02Z)