Fossil carbon dioxide emissions projected for 2025 (Global Carbon Budget)

Latest value

38.1Gt CO₂/yr

World, 2025 (projection). Version Global Carbon Budget 2025 (ESSD 18, 3211–3288, 2026).

As published

“Global fossil CO₂ emissions (including cement carbonation) are expected to further increase in 2025 by 1.0 % relative to 2024 (range 0.2 % to 1.7 %), bringing fossil emissions to an expected 10.4 GtC yr⁻¹ (38.1 GtCO₂ yr⁻¹).”

Global Carbon Budget 2025 (Friedlingstein et al. 2026, Earth System Science Data), Executive summary, p. 3215. Checked word for word against the stored copy of the document every time the data is rebuilt.

Where it comes from

Producer

Global Carbon Project; published by Copernicus Publications in Earth System Science Data · Global Carbon Budget 2025 (Friedlingstein et al. 2026, Earth System Science Data)

Version

Global Carbon Budget 2025 (ESSD 18, 3211–3288, 2026)

File

https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/18/3211/2026/essd-18-3211-2026.pdf

Fetched

2026-10-04 (automatically), 13,426,392 bytes

Fingerprint

sha256 166e10a66b4dfb1e3396be57dc0596a9e3de6c17a293a2f0b933d5f30572df12ETag "ccded8-65af2497bdb07" · Last-Modified Tue, 08 Sep 2026 05:48:41 GMT

Copies

No Wayback copy recorded yet.Our copy of the exact file

Cite the producer

Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M. W., Andrew, R. M., Bakker, D. C. E., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Li, H., Luijkx, I. T., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., Aas, K., Alin, S. R., Anthoni, P., Barbero, L., Bates, N. R., Bellouin, N., Benoit-Cattin, A., Berghoff, C. F., Bernardello, R., Bopp, L., Brasika, I. B. M., Chamberlain, M. A., Chandra, N., Chevallier, F., Chini, L. P., Collier, N. O., Colligan, T. H., Cronin, M., Djeutchouang, L. M., Dou, X., Enright, M. P., Enyo, K., Erb, M., Evans, W., Feely, R. A., Feng, L., Ford, D. J., Foster, A., Fransner, F., Gasser, T., Gehlen, M., Gkritzalis, T., Goncalves De Souza, J., Grassi, G., Gregor, L., Gruber, N., Guenet, B., Gürses, Ö., Harrington, K., Harris, I., Heinke, J., Hurtt, G. C., Iida, Y., Ilyina, T., Ito, A., Jacobson, A. R., Jain, A. K., Jarníková, T., Jersild, A., Jiang, F., Jones, S. D., Kato, E., Keeling, R. F., Klein Goldewijk, K., Knauer, J., Kong, Y., Korsbakken, J. I., Koven, C., Kunimitsu, T., Lan, X., Liu, J., Liu, Z., Liu, Z., Lo Monaco, C., Ma, L., Marland, G., McGuire, P. C., McKinley, G. A., Melton, J. R., Monacci, N., Monier, E., Morgan, E. J., Munro, D. R., Müller, J. D., Nakaoka, S.-I., Nayagam, L. R., Niwa, Y., Nutzel, T., Olsen, A., Omar, A. M., Pan, N., Pandey, S., Pierrot, D., Qin, Z., Regnier, P., Rehder, G., Resplandy, L., Roobaert, A., Rosan, T. M., Rödenbeck, C., Schwinger, J., Skjelvan, I., Smallman, T. L., Spada, V., Sreeush, M. G., Sun, Q., Sutton, A. J., Sweeney, C., Swingedouw, D., Séférian, R., Takao, S., Tatebe, H., Tian, H., Tian, X., Tilbrook, B., Tsujino, H., Tubiello, F., van Ooijen, E., van der Werf, G. R., van de Velde, S. J., Walker, A. P., Wanninkhof, R., Yang, X., Yuan, W., Yue, X., and Zeng, J.: Global Carbon Budget 2025, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 18, 3211–3288, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-18-3211-2026, 2026.

What was done to it

1. Quoted from Executive summary, p. 3215. The quote was found in the text of page 5 of the snapshot (sha256 166e10a66b4d…) before publishing.

   Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/literature.py · code sha256 a5b5e1344e63f00f… · inputs 166e10a66b4d…

2. Value: "38.1 GtCO₂ yr⁻¹" is published as 38.1 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide per year in 2025, the paper's own value in carbon dioxide units (not converted by us from the 10.4 GtC it also states).

   Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/literature.py · code sha256 a5b5e1344e63f00f… · inputs 166e10a66b4d…