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Average rate of global sea level rise since 1999 (AVISO)

AVISO's stated average rate of global mean sea level rise measured by satellite altimetry from 1999: 3.6 millimetres per year, with a 90% confidence interval of plus or minus 0.3 millimetres per year. AVISO's figure, quoted from its product page, not computed by us.

Latest value

3.6mm/yr

Global ocean (AVISO: 'over the globe'), 1999–2026. Version product page read 2026-10-04.

As published

“The average sea level rise rate is 3.6 mm per year (+/-0.3 mm/yr, 90%CI) over the globe and from 1999.”

AVISO reference global mean sea level from satellite altimetry, Mean Sea Level product page, section 'At the global scale'. Checked word for word against the stored copy of the document every time the data is rebuilt.

Where it comes from

Producer
CNES / AVISO+ (produced with CLS and LEGOS) · AVISO reference global mean sea level from satellite altimetry
Version
product page read 2026-10-04
File
https://www.aviso.altimetry.fr/en/data/products/ocean-indicators-products/mean-sea-level.html
Fetched
2026-10-04 (automatically), 51,308 bytes
Fingerprint
sha256 40fb325e7cac42366fd9b020ffda678f2e7b65fe8f527936d33e06acb3ba236a
Copies
No Wayback copy recorded yet.
Cite the producer
CNES, & CLS. (2026). AVISO Global Mean Sea Level Indicator [Dataset]. CNES. https://doi.org/10.24400/527896/AVISO-2025.010. Credits: EU Copernicus Marine Service/CNES/LEGOS/CLS, https://aviso.altimetry.fr/msl
Producer
CNES / AVISO+ (produced with CLS and LEGOS) · AVISO reference global mean sea level from satellite altimetry
Version
product page read 2026-10-04
File
https://data.aviso.altimetry.fr/aviso-gateway/data/indicators/msl/MSL_Serie_MERGED_Global_AVISO_GIA_Adjust_Filter2m.nc
Fetched
2026-10-04 (automatically), 66,087 bytes
Fingerprint
sha256 d7a57922352a1d8f9317e41a43b767ef9b67ec5540d67e52627e67837f9da862ETag "10227-65ce67010d8c2" · Last-Modified Sat, 03 Oct 2026 02:30:52 GMT
Copies
No Wayback copy recorded yet.
Cite the producer
CNES, & CLS. (2026). AVISO Global Mean Sea Level Indicator [Dataset]. CNES. https://doi.org/10.24400/527896/AVISO-2025.010. Credits: EU Copernicus Marine Service/CNES/LEGOS/CLS, https://aviso.altimetry.fr/msl

What was done to it

  1. Quoted from AVISO's Mean Sea Level product page, section 'At the global scale'. The quote was found in the visible text of the page snapshot (sha256 40fb325e7cac…) before publishing.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/ocean/aviso_gmsl.py · code sha256 e2b1d842e3df28d7… · inputs 40fb325e7cac… d7a57922352a…

  2. Value: "3.6 mm per year (+/-0.3 mm/yr, 90%CI)" is published as 3.6 millimetres per year with the 90% range 3.3 to 3.9 (the value minus and plus 0.3). The page states the period only as "from 1999"; it is published as 1999/2026, 2026 being the year the page was read (4 October 2026). The page carries no date, so the vintage is that reading date.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/ocean/aviso_gmsl.py · code sha256 e2b1d842e3df28d7… · inputs 40fb325e7cac… d7a57922352a…

  3. Consistency check (not published): an ordinary least-squares slope through the cycle values from 1 January 1999 of the NetCDF created on 26 September 2026 (sha256 d7a57922352a…, to 15 August 2026) is 3.67 mm per year, inside AVISO's stated 90% range; the build stops if it is not.

    Code: pipeline/src/envdash/transforms/ocean/aviso_gmsl.py · code sha256 e2b1d842e3df28d7… · inputs 40fb325e7cac… d7a57922352a…

What it covers

Geography
Global ocean (AVISO: 'over the globe')
Baseline
None: a rate of change, from 1999
Basis
Average rate over the satellite altimetry record from 1999 as stated by AVISO, with its 90% confidence interval; the page names no end date. The same page notes that the processing of the 1993–1999 part of the record changed in the latest release.
Unit
millimetres per year (mm/yr)